/* whynotroman — one reading column, red square mark, mono for every number. */
:root {
  --paper: #FCFCFA;
  --ink: #141519;
  --muted: #676B74;
  --rule: #DCDCD7;
  --red: #D7191F;
  --soft: #ECECE7;
  --display: "Roboto Flex", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --body: "Source Serif 4", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --mono: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, Menlo, monospace;
  --col: 41rem;
  color-scheme: light;
}
/* Night reading: follows the reader's device setting. Not pure black, softened white, red tuned for dark. */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root { --paper: #141518; --ink: #E4E4DF; --muted: #9B9EA6; --rule: #2B2D33; --red: #F2444A; --soft: #1C1D21; color-scheme: dark; }
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body {
  margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body); font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.65;
  padding-inline: 1.25rem; padding-block: 0;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--rule); text-underline-offset: 0.2em; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
a:hover { text-decoration-color: var(--red); }
a:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--red); outline-offset: 3px; }
.wrap { max-width: var(--col); margin-inline: auto; }
.mono { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.8125rem; letter-spacing: 0.01em; color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

/* header */
.site-head { max-width: var(--col); margin: 0 auto; padding-block: 1.75rem 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.6rem; text-decoration: none; }
.brand svg { width: 1.75rem; height: 1.75rem; flex: none; }
.brand b { font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 800; font-stretch: 130%; font-size: 1.05rem; letter-spacing: -0.015em; text-transform: lowercase; }
.brand b span { font-weight: 400; font-stretch: 100%; color: var(--muted); }
.site-head nav { display: flex; gap: 1.1rem; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.8125rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.site-head nav a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--muted); }
.site-head nav a[aria-current="page"], .site-head nav a:hover { color: var(--ink); }

/* home */
.hero { padding-block: 4.5rem 3rem; }
.hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 900; font-stretch: 151%;
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 10vw, 4.75rem); line-height: 0.92; letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0 0 1.75rem;
}
.hero h1 span { display: block; }
.hero h1 span:last-child { color: var(--red); }
.hero .lead { font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.42; margin: 0 0 1.1rem; max-width: 34rem; text-wrap: balance; }
.hero .sub { color: var(--muted); margin: 0; max-width: 34rem; }

section { padding-block: 2.5rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.label { font-family: var(--mono); font-weight: 500; font-size: 0.75rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.12em; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 1.5rem; }

.about h3, .about h4 { font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 700; font-stretch: 110%; font-size: 1.05rem; margin: 1.4rem 0 0.3rem; }
.about h3:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.about p { margin: 0 0 0.9rem; }

.funnel { display: grid; gap: 0.55rem; }
.stage { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 7.5rem 1fr 3.5rem; align-items: center; gap: 0.9rem; }
.bar { height: 0.5rem; background: var(--rule); position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.bar i { position: absolute; inset: 0 auto 0 0; background: var(--ink); }
.stage:last-child .bar i { background: var(--red); }
.stage .v { text-align: right; }

.notes { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.notes li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 5.75rem 1fr auto; gap: 1rem; padding-block: 0.9rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); align-items: baseline; }
.notes li:first-child { padding-top: 0; }
.notes a { text-decoration: none; font-size: 1.15rem; line-height: 1.35; min-width: 0; }
.notes a:hover { color: var(--red); }
.notes .desc { display: block; font-size: 0.95rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 0.2rem; }
.empty { color: var(--muted); }
.more { display: inline-block; margin-top: 1.25rem; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.8125rem; }
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .notes li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0.15rem; }
  .notes .rt { display: none; }
  .stage { grid-template-columns: 6rem 1fr 2.5rem; gap: 0.6rem; }
}

/* article */
.article { padding-block: 3.5rem 2rem; }
.article header { margin-bottom: 2.25rem; }
.article h1 {
  font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 800; font-stretch: 112%;
  font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 6vw, 2.75rem); line-height: 1.06; letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin: 0.75rem 0 1rem; text-wrap: balance;
}
.article .dek { font-size: 1.25rem; color: var(--muted); margin: 0; text-wrap: balance; }
.prose h2 { font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 750; font-stretch: 110%; font-size: 1.45rem; line-height: 1.2; margin: 2.25rem 0 0.75rem; }
.prose h3 { font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.15rem; margin: 1.75rem 0 0.5rem; }
.prose p, .prose ul, .prose ol { margin: 0 0 1.15rem; }
.prose li { margin-bottom: 0.35rem; }
.prose blockquote { margin: 2rem 0; padding: 0; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.4; font-style: italic; }
.prose blockquote::before { content: ""; display: block; width: 2rem; height: 3px; background: var(--red); margin-bottom: 0.9rem; }
.prose blockquote p { margin: 0; }
.prose img { margin: 2rem 0; }
.prose code { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.85em; background: var(--soft); padding: 0.1em 0.3em; }
.prose pre { background: var(--soft); padding: 1rem; overflow-x: auto; font-size: 0.85rem; }
.prose pre code { background: none; padding: 0; }
.prose hr { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); margin: 2.5rem 0; }
.prose a { text-decoration-color: var(--red); }
.tags { display: flex; gap: 0.5rem 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 2rem; }
.author { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 1rem; align-items: center; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-top: 1.75rem; margin-top: 2.5rem; }
.author svg { width: 2.75rem; height: 2.75rem; }
.author p { margin: 0; font-size: 1rem; }

/* footer */
.site-foot { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-block: 2.25rem 3.5rem; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem 2rem; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; }
.links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem 1.25rem; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .bar i { animation: grow 900ms cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1) both; transform-origin: left; }
  @keyframes grow { from { transform: scaleX(0.02); } to { transform: scaleX(1); } }
}

/* long reads */
.toc { border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem; margin: 0 0 2.5rem; }
.toc .label { margin-bottom: 0.6rem; }
.toc ol { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.2rem; display: grid; gap: 0.3rem; }
.toc a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); }
.toc a:hover { color: var(--red); }
.prose h2, .prose h3 { scroll-margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.table { overflow-x: auto; margin: 0 0 1.5rem; }
.table table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 0.95rem; }
.table th, .table td { text-align: left; padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem 0.5rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); vertical-align: top; }
.table th { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.75rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.08em; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 500; }
.table td { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.kind { color: var(--red); font-weight: 500; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.08em; font-size: 0.6875rem; }
.next { margin-top: 2.5rem; padding-bottom: 0; }
.article .next .notes a { font-size: 1.05rem; }
.tags a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--muted); }
.tags a:hover { color: var(--red); }

/* reading size: 17px on phones, 19px on wide screens; ~66 characters per line */
@media (min-width: 720px) { body { font-size: 1.1875rem; } }
.prose { hyphens: auto; -webkit-hyphens: auto; font-kerning: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; }
.prose p { text-wrap: pretty; }

/* topic filter */
.chips { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.45rem; margin: 0 0 2rem; }
.chips a { text-decoration: none; border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 0.3rem 0.65rem; color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.2; }
.chips a span { color: var(--muted); margin-left: 0.15rem; }
.chips a:hover { border-color: var(--ink); }
.chips a[aria-current="page"] { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); border-color: var(--ink); }
.chips a[aria-current="page"] span { color: var(--paper); opacity: 0.7; }
.year { font-size: 0.8125rem; font-weight: 500; color: var(--muted); margin: 2.5rem 0 1rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; }
.year:first-of-type { margin-top: 0; }

/* reading progress: pure CSS, browsers without scroll timelines simply do not show it */
.progress { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; height: 3px; background: var(--red); transform-origin: left; transform: scaleX(0); z-index: 10; }
@supports (animation-timeline: scroll()) {
  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
    .progress { animation: progress linear both; animation-timeline: scroll(root); }
    @keyframes progress { to { transform: scaleX(1); } }
  }
}
@supports not (animation-timeline: scroll()) { .progress { display: none; } }

/* retention: lead paragraph, anchors, figures, series, cta */
.prose > p:first-child { font-size: 1.15em; line-height: 1.55; }
.prose .anchor { margin-left: 0.4rem; text-decoration: none; color: var(--rule); font-weight: 400; opacity: 0; transition: opacity .15s; }
.prose h2:hover .anchor, .prose h3:hover .anchor, .prose .anchor:focus { opacity: 1; }
.prose figure { margin: 2rem 0; }
.prose figure img { margin: 0; }
.prose figcaption { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.8125rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 0.6rem; }
.series { border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem; margin: 2.5rem 0 0; }
.series .label { margin-bottom: 0.6rem; }
.series ol { margin: 0 0 0.75rem; padding-left: 1.2rem; display: grid; gap: 0.3rem; font-size: 1rem; }
.series a { text-decoration: none; }
.series a:hover { color: var(--red); }
.series-next { display: inline-block; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.8125rem; color: var(--red); text-decoration: none; }
.cta { margin-top: 2rem; padding: 1.4rem 1.5rem; background: var(--soft); display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.75rem 1.5rem; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
.cta p { margin: 0; font-size: 1rem; flex: 1 1 18rem; }
.cta a { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.875rem; color: var(--paper); background: var(--ink); padding: 0.6rem 1rem; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; }
.cta a:hover { background: var(--red); }

/* media: video 16:9 (shorts 9:16), wide figures for photos and infographics */
.prose .video { margin: 2rem 0; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; max-width: 100%; background: var(--soft); }
.prose .video.short { aspect-ratio: 9 / 16; max-width: 22rem; margin-inline: auto; }
.prose .video iframe { width: 100%; height: 100%; border: 0; display: block; }
@media (min-width: 980px) {
  .prose figure.wide { margin-inline: -7rem; }
}

/* subscribe */
.subscribe { border-top: 3px solid var(--red); background: var(--soft); padding: 1.5rem; margin: 2.5rem 0; }
.subscribe .label { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; color: var(--ink); }
.subscribe > p { margin: 0 0 1rem; font-size: 1rem; }
.subscribe .row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem; }
.subscribe input[type="email"] { flex: 1 1 14rem; min-width: 0; font: inherit; font-size: 1rem; padding: 0.7rem 0.85rem; border: 1px solid var(--rule); background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); border-radius: 0; }
.subscribe input[type="email"]:focus { outline: 2px solid var(--red); outline-offset: 0; border-color: transparent; }
.subscribe button { min-height: 2.9rem; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.875rem; padding: 0.7rem 1.1rem; border: 0; background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0; }
.subscribe button:hover, .subscribe button:focus-visible { background: var(--red); }
.subscribe .consent { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 0.5rem; align-items: start; margin-top: 0.75rem; font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.4; }
.subscribe .consent { cursor: pointer; padding-block: 0.25rem; }
.subscribe .consent input { margin-top: 0.2rem; width: 1.1rem; height: 1.1rem; accent-color: var(--red); }
.hp, .sr { position: absolute; left: -10000px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; }

/* the one big step to the next note, right after the text */
.next-card { display: block; margin: 2.5rem 0 0; padding: 1.4rem 1.5rem; border: 2px solid var(--ink); text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); }
.next-card .label { display: block; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; color: var(--red); }
.next-card .nc-title { display: block; font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 800; font-stretch: 110%; font-size: 1.35rem; line-height: 1.2; }
.next-card .nc-desc { display: block; margin-top: 0.4rem; font-size: 1rem; color: var(--muted); }
.next-card:hover, .next-card:focus-visible { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }
.next-card:hover .nc-desc, .next-card:focus-visible .nc-desc { color: var(--paper); opacity: .75; }